Chinese scientists have identified a genetic barrier that makes it hard to crossbreed African and Asian rice varieties – a discovery that could lay the foundations for creating high-yielding hybrids.
While both Asian and African cultivated rice varieties have distinct strengths, crossing them often produces offspring with sterile pollen and low yields.
A research team has now identified three genes that act as a barrier to reproduction – and also a possible way round the problem.
“This discovery provides an important theoretical foundation and valuable genetic resources for breaking the reproductive barrier between rice species and breeding new, ultra-high-yielding hybrid rice varieties,” the official China Science Daily reported last Friday.
Such Asian-African crosses “could potentially increase yields by more than 10 per cent compared with existing Asian hybrid rice varieties”, one of the authors of the study told the newspaper.
The research, conducted by a team led by Wan Jianmin at Nanjing Agricultural University’s State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilisation, was published in the peer-reviewed journal Science on 28 August.
African and Asian rice are the only two species out of the 24 in the Oryza genus that have been domesticated to produce food for humans.
Asian rice offers high yields and excellent eating quality, making it a global staple.